HomeHistorical SitesGal Vihara
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Gal Vihara

Kingdom: Polonnaruwa
Period: 12th century CE
Type: temple
Built By: Parakramabahu I
Constructed: 1153-1186 CE

Overview

Group of four magnificent rock relief Buddha statues carved from a single granite rock wall.

History

Part of the Uttararama (Northern Monastery) commissioned by King Parakramabahu I. The chronicle Chulavamsa records the creation of these images.

Construction

The four statues are carved into a single large granite rock face.

Architecture

The complex includes a seated Buddha in deep meditation, a smaller seated Buddha inside a cave, a standing figure with crossed arms (often debated to be Ananda or the Buddha), and a massive reclining Buddha (14 meters long) depicting Parinirvana.

Significance

Considered the masterpiece of Sinhalese rock carving. The fluid drapery and serene expressions demonstrate the peak of Polonnaruwa era artistry.

Current Status

A protected archaeological site and an active place of worship.